Inserted tooth cutter



y 4, 1939- w. E. PARISH 2,164,620

I NSERTED TOOTH CUTTER Filed July 29, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

BY M W Z fi g7 ATTORNE 5 July 4, 1939. w, PARISH 2,164,620

INSERTED TOOTH CUTTER Filed July 29, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I M Z1- pat 54: T z 31- 51- 55M////A -& 56

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. ATTORNEYS Patented July 4, 1939 UNITED: STATES PATENT OFFICE INSERTED 'roo'rn CUTTER Willard EfParish, Syracuse, N. Y.

Application July 29,1937, Serial No. 156,376

10 Claims.

This invention relates to inserted tooth milling cutters, that is, cutters for use on milling machines and the like, which are provided with separate removable teeth as distinguished from outters formed from an integral piece of steel.

The advantages of inserted toothmilling cutters have long been appreciated, particularly in the larger sizes of cutters where it is more economical .to make only the teeth "or cutting blades from the more costly steels, and the main body portion of the cutter from ordinary steel; However, with constructions heretofore in conventional use the inserted tooth cutter has had certain disadvantages particularly inthat considerable time is consumed in adjusting each tooth separately, and because of the space necessarily occupied by the adjustingscrews or pins employed to secure each tooth in the body of the cutter, a comparatively few number. of teeth can be properly secured to the body of the cutter. It is well appreciated by those familiar with mill ing operations that it'is desirable, in the majority of instances, that the cutter have a comparatively great number of teeth'arranged or spaced close g5 together in order to eliminate the chatter marks in the work, and to efiect a smoother and more uniform cut. a

This invention has as an object an inserted tooth milling cutter embodying .a structure by which the teeth or cutting blades may be spaced close together to obtain the maximum number of cutting teeth for a given size cutter, and whereby inserted tooth cutters may be made of comparatively small diameters.

The invention has as a further object a particularly simple and economical structure by which the teeth or cutter blades are conveniently attached to the body of the cutter, and are rigidly secured thereto. The invention has as a further object a structure as referred to including the provision of means whereby the individual teeth or blades are clamped and secured to the body of the cutter by operation of a single means.

The invention has as a further object. astructure by which all of the teeth are arranged a uniform distance from the center of the cutter.

A further and particularly important object of the invention is a structure by which a comparatively large number of teeth or blades maybe secured in a cutter of given diameter.

Other objects will be apparent as the description proceeds.

The invention consists in the novel' features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed. I

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is an enlarged fragmentary, elevational view looking to the right Figure 2, and being partially in section.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a cutter involving the structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the wedges employed to secure the teeth to the body of the cutter.

Figure 4 is a view, similar to Figure 2, showing a modification of the structure of Figures 1 and 2, whereby the cutter may be employed as a side mill.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view of a further modification particularly well adapted for outters of small diameter.

Referring to the structure disclosed in Figures 1 to 3, the cuttercomprises a body I I] mounted on or provided with a driving shank II. The body I0 is formed with a radially extending flange I2 formed with a plurality of notches I3 arranged in spaced apart relationship about itsv periphery. The flange I2 is also formed with an annular flange or ledge I5 having a cylindrical periphery forming ,a'support for one endof the teeth or cutter blades I6, and beingformed with a surface I! extending in angular relationship to the axis of the body I2. That is, the surface I! is of conical formation.

The body further includes a cylindrical end portion I8 of reduced diameter on which is slidably mounted a collar I9. The collar I9 is also formed with a conical surface 20 adjacent its periphery which is complemental with the surface I1. The collarv I9 is also formed with a plurality of apertures to receive screws 2I which thread into the body I0 and which afford a means of effecting axial movement of the collar I9 toward the ledge I5.

The teeth or cutting blades I6 are rectangular in cross section and, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outer edges are ground to provide a cutting edge 22 which may be of any desired configuration in accordance with the work to be done. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the cutting edge 22 "is of serrated form, whereby the cutter may be used tomill internal threads in a piece of work. One end of each blade I6 is supported by the ledge I5, and the opposite end is supported on the periphery of the collar I9.

Wedge members 25 are formed with tapering sides, and are interspersed between the cutting blades IS. The wedges 25 are formed with an inwardly extending portion 26, the ends of which are notched and formed with a bevel surface 21, complemental with the conical surfaces I1, 20, of the ledge l5 and collar l9, and are arranged to be engaged by these members.

In the structure shown in Figures 1 to 3, the wedge members 25 are formed at one end with a laterally extending portion 28 formed with parallel sides, as indicated in Figures 1 and 3, and which extend into the slots l3 of flange I 2. In assemblying the teeth to the body, the wedges are arranged between the ledge i5 and collar 9 with the screws 2i loosened and the collar moved axially outwardly. The teeth H5 are then inserted between the wedges 25 and subsequently the screws 2| are tightened. Because of the angular surfaces l1, 2% on the ledge l5 and collar l9 respectively, and the surfaces 2'! on the wedge members, the wedge members are caused to move in a direction radially inwardly toward the axis of the body IE and due to the tapered formation of the wedges they are drawn tightly into engagement with the teeth or cutter blades and the teeth are drawn tightly against the ledge l5 and the periphery of the collar E9.

The laterally extending projections 28 are of such width as to slidably fit the notches H; with a slight clearance, and in the case of a comparatively large diameter cutter where the wedge. and teeth might slip or move relatively to the body Ill under severe cutting conditions, the extensions 28 will engage the sides of the slots 53 and effect a positive drive between the body of the cutter and the teeth.

The structure of my invention may also be employed in the formation of side mills, that is, mills which are formed to cut on their sides as well as. on their periphery. In Figure 4, the body It] is of substantially the same formation with that shown in Figures 1 and 2 except, in Figure l, the body is provided with a central aperture 35 to permit the cutter to be mounted on an arbor, or the like, and the flange I2 is omitted and accordingly the lateral projection 28 is omitted from the wedge members 25. The wedge members 25 are of less width than the length of the teeth or cutting blades l5, and the blades extend outwardly a short distance beyond the side of the body [0 and the collar l9, and are provided with end cutting edges 3|. The wedge members 25 are also formed with a slot 32 arranged centrally and extending inwardly from the outer edge of the wedge, and in which is arranged a ring member 33. The cutter blades [6 are formed with a centrally arranged slot 34 to receive the ring 33. This structure is assembled by arranging the wedge members 25 within the ring 33 and prearranging the wedge members between the ledge l5 and collar I 9. Subsequently, the individual teeth l6 are inserted in between the wedge members 25 and the screws 2| tightened. The function of the ring 33 is to prevent relative endwise movement between the cutting blades l5 and the wedge members 25.

Where it is desired to form the inserted tooth cutter of comparatively small diameter, the structure disclosed in Figure 5 may be employed In this instance, the shank 35 of the cutter is formed at its outer end with a ledge 38 comparable to the ledge l 5 in the structure heretofore discussed. A collar 3! is slidably mounted upon the shank and is in general cross sectional form similar to the collar IS in Figures 1 to 4. The collar 3'! is moved axially on the shank toward the ledge 36 by means of a collar 38 threaded on the shank 35. The collar 31 may be formed with a peripheral flange 39 to act as a stop or guide for the adjacent end of the cutter blade l6.

Preferably means is provided for yieldingly urging the wedge members 25 radially outwardly. As here shown, this means comprises one or more expansible ring members 40 arranged within the annular series of wedge members and acting to urge the same outwardly, and to maintain the angular surfaces 21 in engagement with the surfaces H, 20, of the body and collar of the holder. When the movable collar is released, the expansible members 45 urge the wedge members outwardly permitting the blades 5 5 to be conveniently removed and replaced.

It will be observed that with the structure of my invention the cutting teeth may be quickly and conveniently removed from the body of the cutter, a new set of teeth inserted and secured in place. Also, the clamping structure is such that the teeth can be spaced close together and cutters of comparatively small diameter can be made with inserted teeth.

What I claim is:

1. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged about the periphery of the body, said teeth being arranged in circumferentially spaced apart relation, a wedge member arranged in the space between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides of said teeth, said wedge members having limited movement in both directions circumferentially of the body, means operable to move said wedges into engagement with said teeth to detachably clamp the same to the body, and means cooperable with said teeth and wedges to retain said teeth from axial movement relative to said wedges.

2. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged about the periphery of the body, said teeth being arranged in circumferentially spaced apart relation, a wedge member arranged in the space between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides of said teeth, said wedge members being formed with slots extending radially inwardly from the outer surface of said wedge members, a ring member arranged in said slot, each of said teeth being provided with a slot to receive said ring, and means operable to move said wedge members into engagement with said teeth to detachably clamp the same to the body.

3. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged about the periphery of the body member, said teeth being arranged in circumferentially spaced apart relation, a wedge member arranged in the space between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides of said teeth, means yieldingly urging said wedge members radially outwardly, and a single means operable to move said wedge members into engagement with said teeth to detachably clamp the same to the body.

4. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body provided with a radial flange formed with a plurality of slots, a collar mounted on the body and being movable axially thereof toward and from said flange, said flange being formed with a circular ledge extending toward said collar, a plurality of detachable teeth supported at like ends by said ledge and at their opposite ends by said collar, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof, said wedge members having lateral projections extending into said slots in the flange and having inwardly extending projections cooperable with said flange and collar upon axial movement of the collar toward the flange to effect movement of said wedges into engagement with said teeth to detachably clamp the same to said flange and collar, and means operable to effect such axial movement of the collar.

5. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member provided with spaced apart collars, a plurality of teeth arranged about the periphery of said collars and being supported at their ends by said collars in spaced apart relationship to said body, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof and having a portion arranged between said collars and extending radially inwardly toward said body, the ends of said inner portions of the wedges and the confronting sides of said collars being formed with cam surfaces and being cooperable upon movement of one of said collars toward the other to effect radial inward movement of said wedges, and said wedges being operable during such movement to clamp the teeth against the periphery of said collars, and means operable to effect axial movement of one of said collars.

6. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member provided with spaced apart collars, a plurality of teeth arranged about the periphery of said collars and being supported at their ends by said collars in spaced apart relationship to said body, one of said collars being formed with a radial flange to engage like ends of said teeth, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof and having a portion arranged between said collars and extending radially inwardly toward said body, the ends of said inner portions of the wedges and the confronting sides of said collars being formed with cam surfaces and being cooperable upon movement of one of said collars toward the other to effect radial inward movement of said wedges, and said wedges being operable during such movement to clamp the teeth against the periphery of said collars, and means operable to effect axial movement of one of said collars.

7. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member provided with spaced apart collars, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged about the periphery of said collars and being supported at their ends by said collars in spaced apart relationship to said body, one of said collars being formed with a radial flange extending outwardly from .its tooth engaging periphery, and said flange being formed with a plurality of notches, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof and having a lateral portion extending into one of said notches, and an inner portion arranged between said collars and extending radially inwardly toward said body, the ends of said inner portions of the wedges and the confronting sides of said collars being formed with cam surfaces and being cooperable to effect radial inward movement of said wedges upon axial movement of one of said collars toward the other, said wedges being cooperable with said teeth during such inward radial movement to clamp the teeth against the periphery of said collars, and means operable to effect such axial movement of one of the collars.

8. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member provided with spaced apart collars, a plurality of teeth arranged about the periphery of said collars and being supported at their ends by said collars in spaced apart relationship to said body, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof and having a portion arranged between said collars and extending radially inwardly toward said body, the ends of said inner portions of the wedges and the confronting sides of said collars being formed with cam surfaces and being cooperable upon movement of one of said collars toward the other to effect radial inward movement of said wedges, and said wedges being perable during such movement to clamp the teeth against the periphery of said collars, means operable to effect axial movement of one of said collars, and spring means arranged intermediate said collars and between the inner edges of said wedges and the body to yieldingly urge said wedges radially outwardly.

9. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body member provided with spaced apart collars, one of said collars being fixed to the body and the other of said collars being movable axially of the body, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged about the periphery of said collars and being supported at their ends by said collars in spaced apart relationship to the bed said teeth being formed with flat side surfaces extending in parallel relationship, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof and having a portion extending radially inwardly between said collars, the ends of said inner portions of the wedges and the confronting sides of the collars being formed with compleinental cam surfaces and being cooperable upon movement of said movable collar toward said fixed collar to effect radial inward movement of the wedges, said wedges being operable during such movement to clamp the teeth against the periphery of said collars, and means operable to eifect axial movement of said movable collar.

10. An inserted tooth cutter comprising a body, a plurality of cutting teeth arranged in an an nular series about the axis of the body, a wedge member arranged between adjacent teeth and engaging the confronting sides thereof, said wedge members being radially movable through out their entire length relative to the body, each of said teeth and Wedge members being free to move circumferentially of the body, and means cooperable with said body and wedges to rigidly clamp said teeth to the body.

WILLARD E. PARISH. 

